Publications

You can find below a number of publications that use the Meaning Extraction Method or the Meaning Extraction Helper software in some form or another.

If you’re looking for a “quick start” paper: Dave Markowitz has written a wonderful one stop paper to help you get up and running. His paper can be found here:

Markowitz, D. M. (2021). The meaning extraction method: An approach to evaluate content patterns from large-scale language data. Frontiers in Communication, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2021.588823
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Recommended for Beginners2020Markowitz, D. M. (2021). The meaning extraction method: An approach to evaluate content patterns from large-scale language data. Frontiers in Communication, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2021.588823link
Recommended for Beginners2017Boyd, R. L. (2017). Psychological text analysis in the digital humanities. In S. Hai-Jew (Ed.), Data analytics in the digital humanities (pp. 161–189). New York: Springer International Publishing.link
Recommended for Beginners2015Boyd, R. L., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2015). A way with words: Using language for psychological science in the modern era. In C. Dimofte, C. Haugtvedt, & R. Yalch (Eds.), Consumer psychology in a social media world (pp. 222–236). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315714790
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Recommended for Beginners2008Chung, C. K., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2008). Revealing Dimensions of Thinking in Open-Ended Self-Descriptions: An Automated Meaning Extraction Method for Natural Language. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(1), 96–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.04.006
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Values2015Boyd, R. L., Wilson, S. R., Pennebaker, J. W., Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D. J., & Mihalcea, R. (2015). Values in Words: Using Language to Evaluate and Understand Personal Values. Proceedings of the Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 31–40. Retrieved from http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM15/paper/view/10482link
Values2016Wilson, S., Mihalcea, R., Boyd, R. L., & Pennebaker, J. (2016). Cultural Influences on the Measurement of Personal Values through Words. Proceedings of the 2016 AAAI Spring Symposium Series, 314–317.
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Values2016Wilson, S., Mihalcea, R., Boyd, R. L., & Pennebaker, J. (2016). Disentangling Topic Models: A Cross-cultural Analysis of Personal Values through Words. Proceedings of the First Workshop on NLP and Computational Social Science, 143–152. Retrieved from http://aclweb.org/anthology/W16-5619
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Forensics2018Boyd, R. L., Spangher, A., Fourney, A., Nushi, B., Ranade, G., Pennebaker, J., & Horvitz, E. (2018). Characterizing the Internet Research Agency’s Social Media Operations During the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election using Linguistic Analyses. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ajh2q
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Forensics2017Drouin, M., Boyd, R. L., Hancock, J. T., & James, A. (2017). Linguistic analysis of chat transcripts from child predator undercover sex stings. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 28(4), 437–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2017.1291707
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Forensics / Mental Health2020Miner, A. S., Markowitz, D. M., Peterson, B. L., & Weston, B. W. (2020). Examining the examiners: How medical death investigators describe suicidal, homicidal, and accidental death. Health Communication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1851862
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Health / Health Behaviors2023Juel, E., Futch, W., & Eiler, B. (2023). Connecting the pro-recovery eating disorder community: An analysis of the language on science, Twitter, and Reddit. Psychology of Popular Media. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000461link
Health / Health Behaviors2018Barrett, A., Murphy, M., & Blackburn, K. (2018). “Playing Hooky” Health Messages: Apprehension, Impression Management, and Deception. Health Communication, 33(3), 326–337. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2016.1266578
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Health / Health Behaviors2020Blackburn, K. G., Hontanosas, J., Nahas, K., Bajaj, K., Thompson, R., Monaco, A., Campos, Y., Tran, T., Obregon, S., & Wetchler, E. (2020). Food foraging online: Exploring how we choose which recipes to search and share. First Monday. https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v25i12.10863link
Health / Health Behaviors2018Blackburn, K. G., Yilmaz, G., & Boyd, R. L. (2018). Food for thought: Exploring how people think and talk about food online. Appetite, 123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.022link
Health / Health Behaviors2022Gregson, R., Piazza, J., & Boyd, R. L. (2022). ‘Against the cult of veganism’: Unpacking the social psychology and ideology of anti-vegans. Appetite, 178, 106143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2022.106143link
Health / Health Behaviors2019Jordan, K. N., Pennebaker, J. W., Petrie, K. J., & Dalbeth, N. (2019). Googling Gout: Exploring Perceptions About Gout Through a Linguistic Analysis of Online Search Activities. Arthritis Care & Research, 71(3), 419–426. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.23598
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Health / Health Behaviors2016Mitra, T., Counts, S., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2016). Understanding anti-vaccination attitudes in social media. Proceedings of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. Presented at the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media. Retrieved from https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM16/paper/view/13073
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Health / Health Behaviors2021Markowitz, D. M. (2021). How experts react: The World Health Organization’s appraisal of COVID-19 via communication patterns. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 0261927X211026346. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X211026346link
Health / Health Behaviors2021Moore, R. C., Lee, A. Y., Hancock, J. T., Halley, M. C., & Linos, E. (2021). Age-related differences in experiences with social distancing at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: A computational and content analytic investigation of natural language from a social media survey. JMIR Human Factors, 8(2), e26043. https://doi.org/10.2196/26043link
Health / Health Behaviors2020Osadchiy, V., Jiang, T., Mills, J. N., & Eleswarapu, S. V. (2020). Low testosterone on social media: Application of natural language processing to understand patients’ perceptions of hypogonadism and its treatment. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(10), e21383. https://doi.org/10.2196/21383link
Health / Health Behaviors2021Thompson, C. M., Rhidenour, K. B., Blackburn, K. G., Barrett, A. K., & Babu, S. (2021). Using crowdsourced medicine to manage uncertainty on Reddit: The case of COVID-19 long-haulers. Patient Education and Counseling. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2021.07.011link
Health / Health Behaviors2018Pasca, P., Ciavolino, E., & Boyd, R. L. (2018). A data-mining approach to the Parkour discipline. 49th Scientific Meeting of the Italian Statistical Society. Presented at the 49th Scientific meeting of the Italian Statistical Society. Retrieved from http://meetings3.sis-statistica.org/index.php/sis2018/49th/paper/view/1583
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Health / Health Behaviors2024
Davidson, C. A., Booth, R., Jackson, K. T., & Mantler, T. (2024). Toxic relationships described by people with breast cancer on Reddit: Topic modeling study. JMIR Cancer, 10(1), e48860. https://doi.org/10.2196/48860link
Personality / Individual Differences2023Hoemann, K., Lee, Y., Kuppens, P., Gendron, M., & Boyd, R. L. (2023). Emotional granularity is associated with daily experiential diversity. Affective Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42761-023-00185-2link
Personality / Individual Differences2007Argamon, S., Koppel, M., Pennebaker, J. W., & Schler, J. (2007). Mining the Blogosphere: Age, gender and the varieties of self-expression. First Monday, 12(9). Retrieved from http://uncommonculture.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2003
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Personality / Individual Differences2018Chung, C. K., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2018). Textual Analysis. In Measurement in Social Psychology (pp. 153–173). Routledge.
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Personality / Individual Differences2015Boyd, R. L., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2015). Did Shakespeare write Double Falsehood? Identifying individuals by creating psychological signatures with text analysis. Psychological Science, 26(5), 570–582. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614566658
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Personality / Individual Differences2011Kramer, A., & Chung, C. (2011). Dimensions of Self-Expression in Facebook Status Updates. Proceedings of the Fifth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, 169–176. Retrieved from http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM11/paper/view/2888
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Personality / Individual Differences2017Rodríguez-Arauz, G., Ramírez-Esparza, N., Pérez-Brena, N., & Boyd, R. L. (2017). Hablo Inglés y Español: Cultural Self-Schemas as a Function of Language. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00885
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Personality / Individual Differences2020Khan, E. M., Mukta, Md. S. H., Ali, M. E., & Mahmud, J. (2020). Predicting users’ movie preference and rating behavior from personality and values. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems, 10(3), 22:1-22:25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3338244link
Personality / Individual Differences2016Mukta, Md. S. H., Ali, M. E., & Mahmud, J. (2016). Identifying and validating personality traits-based homophilies for an egocentric network. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 6(1), 74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-016-0383-4
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Personality / Individual Differences2023Abe, J. A. A. (2023). Developmental themes in the narrative of adults with early international experiences. Journal of Adult Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-023-09464-5link
Personality / Individual Differences2024
Fetterman, A. K., Evans, N. D., Ravey, E. P., Henderson, P. R., Tran, B. H. L., & Boyd, R. L. (2024). The topics of nostalgic recall: The benefits of nostalgia depend on the topics that one recalls. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 19485506241229305. https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506241229305link
Mental Health2010Wolf, M., Chung, C. K., & Kordy, H. (2010). Inpatient treatment to online aftercare: E-mailing themes as a function of therapeutic outcomes. Psychotherapy Research, 20(1), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503300903179799
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Mental Health2010Fitzpatrick, M. R., & Armstrong, C. R. (2010). Beyond the tip of the iceberg: Exploring the potential of the meaning extraction method and aftercare e-mail themes. Psychotherapy Research, 20(1), 86–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503300903352719
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Mental Health2014Freyberg, R., Chung, C. K., Freyberg, Z., Barnhill, J., Ferrando, S., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2014). The write stuff: Relationships between narrative content and psychiatric illness. Narrative Inquiry, 24(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1075/ni.24.1.02fre
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Mental Health2013Lowe, R. D., Heim, D., Chung, C. K., Duffy, J. C., Davies, J. B., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2013). In verbis, vinum? Relating themes in an open-ended writing task to alcohol behaviors. Appetite, 68, 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.04.008
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Mental Health2017Jose, R. (2017). Community Organizations and Individual Mental Health in the Wake of the 2013 Boston Marathon Bombings.link
Mental Health2019Pérez-Rosas, V., Mihalcea, R., Resnicow, K., Singh, S., & An, L. (2017). Understanding and predicting empathic behavior in counseling therapy. Proceedings of the 55th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 1426–1435. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/P17-1131link
Mental Health2019Rhidenour, K. B., Barrett, A. K., & Blackburn, K. G. (2019). Heroes or Health Victims?: Exploring How the Elite Media Frames Veterans on Veterans Day. Health Communication, 34(4), 371–382. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2017.1405481
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Mental Health2020Currin-McCulloch, J., Stanton, A., Boyd, R., Neaves, M., & Jones, B. (2020). Understanding breast cancer survivors’ information-seeking behaviours and overall experiences: A comparison of themes derived from social media posts and focus groups. Psychology & Health, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2020.1792903
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Mental Health2008Ramirez-esparza, N., Chung, C. K., Kacewicz, E., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2008). The psychology of word use in depression forums in English and in Spanish: Testing two text analytic approaches. In Proc. ICWSM 2008.
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Human Sexuality2017Griffin, E. M., & Fingerman, K. L. (2017). Online Dating Profile Content of Older Adults Seeking Same- and Cross-Sex Relationships. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 0(0), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/1550428X.2017.1393362
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Human Sexuality2019Gouvernet, B., Wunsch, S., & Brenot, P. (2019). Is male orgasm complex? Exploratory study of discourse about the orgasm of 923 men in heterosexual couple. Sexologies, 28(2), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2018.02.014
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Human Sexuality2020Jiang, T., Osadchiy, V., Mills, J. N., & Eleswarapu, S. V. (2020). Is it all in my head? Self-reported psychogenic erectile dysfunction and depression are common among young men seeking advice on social media. Urology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.04.100link
Human Sexuality2019Handy, A. B., Stanton, A. M., & Meston, C. M. (2019). What Does Sexual Arousal Mean to You? Women With and Without Sexual Arousal Concerns Describe Their Experiences. The Journal of Sex Research, 56(3), 345–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2018.1468867
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Human Sexuality2018Kilimnik, C. D., Boyd, R. L., Stanton, A. M., & Meston, C. M. (2018). Identification of Nonconsensual Sexual Experiences and the Sexual Self-Schemas of Women: Implications for Sexual Functioning. Archives of Sexual Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1229-0
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Human Sexuality2017Pulverman, C. S., Boyd, R. L., Stanton, A. M., & Meston, C. M. (2017). Changes in the sexual self-schema of women with a history of childhood sexual abuse following expressive writing treatment. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9(2), 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000163
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Human Sexuality2020Seehuus, M., Handy, A. B., & Stanton, A. M. (2020). Change in the popularity of transgressive content in written erotica between 2000 and 2016. The Journal of Sex Research, 0(0), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2020.1716206link
Human Sexuality2019Seehuus, M., Stanton, A. M., & Handy, A. B. (2019). On the Content of “Real-World” Sexual Fantasy: Results From an Analysis of 250,000+ Anonymous Text-Based Erotic Fantasies. Archives of Sexual Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1334-0
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Human Sexuality2015Stanton, A. M., Boyd, R. L., Pulverman, C. S., & Meston, C. M. (2015). Determining women’s sexual self-schemas through advanced computerized text analysis. Child Abuse and Neglect, 46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.06.003
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Human Sexuality2018Olivarez, O., Hardie, R., & Blackburn, K. G. (2018). The Language of Romance: An Open Vocabulary Analysis of the Highest Rated Words Used in Romance Novels. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 0261927X18793976. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X18793976
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Human Sexuality2017Stanton, A. M., Meston, C. M., & Boyd, R. L. (2017). Sexual Self-Schemas in the Real World: Investigating the Ecological Validity of Language-Based Markers of Childhood Sexual Abuse. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(6). https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0657
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2017Davis, E. M. (2017). Digital dating: Online dating profiles of older and younger gay, lesbian, and heterosexual adults (Thesis). https://doi.org/10.15781/T2QJ78F4T
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2018Ikizer, E. G., Ramírez-Esparza, N., & Boyd, R. L. (2018). #sendeanlat (#tellyourstory): Text Analyses of Tweets About Sexual Assault Experiences. Sexuality Research and Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-018-0358-5
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2017Ford, B. R. (2017). An Empirical Test of the Effects of Political Correctness: Implications for Censorship, Self-Censorship, and Public Deliberation (UC Santa Barbara). Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12f562b0link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2017Jones, N. M., Thompson, R. R., Dunkel Schetter, C., & Silver, R. C. (2017). Distress and rumor exposure on social media during a campus lockdown. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(44), 11663–11668. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708518114
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2019Markowitz, D. M., & Griffin, D. J. (2019). When context matters: How false, truthful, and genre-related communication styles are revealed in language. Psychology, Crime & Law, 0(0), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2019.1652751link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2015Millar, N., & Hunston, S. (2015). Adjectives, communities, and taxonomies of evaluative meaning. Functions of Language, 22(3), 297–331. https://doi.org/10.1075/fol.22.3.01mil
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2019González, F., Yu, Y., Figueroa, A., López, C., & Aragon, C. (2019). Global Reactions to the Cambridge Analytica Scandal: A Cross-Language Social Media Study. Companion Proceedings of The 2019 World Wide Web Conference, 799–806. https://doi.org/10.1145/3308560.3316456
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2019Moncayo, K. (2019). How couple members view romantic conflict events: Extracting themes using computerized text analysis. TCNJ Journal of Student Scholarship, 21, 1–14.link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2019Tong, S. T., Corriero, E. F., Wibowo, K. A., Makki, T. W., & Slatcher, R. B. (2019). Self-presentation and impressions of personality through text-based online dating profiles: A lens model analysis. New Media & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819872678
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2018Samory, M., & Mitra, T. (2018). “The Government Spies Using Our Webcams”: The Language of Conspiracy Theories in Online Discussions. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., 2(CSCW), 152:1–152:24. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274421link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2020Markowitz, D. M., & Slovic, P. (2020). Social, psychological, and demographic characteristics of dehumanization toward immigrants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921790117
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2021Savaş, Ö., Greenwood, R. M., Blankenship, B. T., Stewart, A. J., & Deaux, K. (2021). All immigrants are not alike: Intersectionality matters in views of immigrant groups. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 9(1), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.5575
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Social Processes / Social Cognition2021Markowitz, D. M., & Slovic, P. (2021). Why we dehumanize illegal immigrants: A US mixed-methods study. PLOS ONE, 16(10), e0257912. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257912link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2021Shah, M., Seraj, S., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2021). Climate denial fuels climate change discussions more than local climate-related disasters. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 3741. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.682057link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2021Fetterman, A. K., Evans, N. D., Exline, J. J., & Meier, B. P. (2021). What shall we call God? An exploration of metaphors coded from descriptions of God from a large U.S. undergraduate sample. PLOS ONE, 16(7), e0254626. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254626link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2019Pietraszkiewicz, A., Formanowicz, M., Sendén, M. G., Boyd, R. L., Sikström, S., & Sczesny, S. (in press). The big two dictionaries: Capturing agency and communion in natural language. European Journal of Social Psychologyhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2561link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2021Foxman, M., Markowitz, D. M., & Davis, D. Z. (2021). Defining empathy: Interconnected discourses of virtual reality’s prosocial impact. New Media & Society, 23(8), 2167–2188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821993120link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2023Pham, M. D., Chaney, K. E., & Ramírez-Esparza, N. (2023). What are we fighting for? Lay theories about the goals and motivations of anti-racism activism. Race and Social Problems. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-023-09393-8link
Social Processes / Social Cognition2023Hansen, K., & Świderska, A. (2023). Integrating open- and closed-ended questions on attitudes towards outgroups with different methods of text analysis. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02218-xlink
Social Processes / Social Cognition2022Johnson, K. A., Weinberger, A. B., Dyke, E., Porter, G. F., Kraemer, D. J. M., Grafman, J., Cohen, A. B., & Green, A. E. (2023). Differentiating personified, supernatural, and abstract views of God across three cognitive domains. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 15(1), 128–142. https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000460link
Education2020Eiler, B. A., Doyle, P. C., Al-Kire, R. L., & Wayment, H. A. (2020). Teaching computational social science skills to psychology students: An undergraduate research lab case study. Scholarship and Practice of Undergraduate Research, 4(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.18833/spur/4/1/5
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Education2020Eiler, B. A., Doyle, P. C., Al-Kire, R. L., & Wayment, H. A. (2020). Teaching computational social science skills to psychology students: An undergraduate research lab case study. Scholarship and Practice of Undergraduate Research, 4(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.18833/spur/4/1/5
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Education2020Lawner, E. K., & Ikizer, E. G. (2020). Effective teaching across disciplines: Text analysis of themes in faculty reflections (pp. 1–24). Association of College and University Educators.
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Education2015LeFebvre, L., LeFebvre, L., Blackburn, K., & Boyd, R. L. (2015). Student Estimates of Public Speaking Competency: The Meaning Extraction Helper and Video Self-evaluation. Communication Education, 64(3), 261–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2015.1014384
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Education2018Taraban, R., Marcy, W. M., LaCour, M. S., Pashley, D., & Keim, K. (2018). Do engineering students learn ethics from an ethics course. Proceedings of the 2018 ASEE Gulf-Southwest Section Annual Conference.
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Education2018Taraban, R., Pe, W. M. M., & Koduru, L. (2018). Board 90: Tools to Assist with Collection and Analysis of Ethical Reflections of Engineering Students. 2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition.
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Education2018Taraban, R., Koduru, L., LaCour, M., & Marshall, P. (2018). Finding a Common Ground in Human and Machine-Based Text Processing. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics, 5(1), 83–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1436358
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Education2020Taraban, R., Robledo, D., Donato, F. V., Campbell, R. C., Kim, J.-H., Reible, D. D., & Na, C. (2020). Machine-assisted analysis of communication in environmental engineering. Proceedings of the 2020 American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual Conference, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--34934link
Business, Politics, and Society2021Epifani, F., Pollice, F., & Urso, G. (2021). Il paesaggio come vocazione: Una disamina nella strategia nazionale per le aree interne in Italia. Documenti Geografici, 2, 81–103. https://doi.org/10.19246/DOCUGEO2281-7549/202002_04
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Business, Politics, and Society2020Jabr, W., & Zheng, Z. (Eric). (2020). Exploring firm strategy using financial reports: Performance impact of inward and outward relatedness with digitisation. European Journal of Information Systems, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1829511
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Humanities2022McCloskey, K., Ramírez-Esparza, N., & Johnson, B. T. (in press). Strange new worlds: Social content in popular Star Trek fanfiction versus commercial novels. Psychology of Popular Media. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000395link
Humanities2021Bourne, J. (2021). Hearing film music topics outside the movie theatre: Listening cinematically to pastorals. In C. Cenciarelli (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of cinematic listening (pp. 549–574). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190853617.001.0001link
Other2015Pennebaker, J. W., Boyd, R. L., Jordan, K., & Blackburn, K. (2015). The development and psychometric properties of LIWC2015. Austin, TX.link
Other2023Rice, R. E., & Bucy, E. P. (2023). Mapping media developments and issues: Topics, clusters, and content of JMCQ articles on communication technology/media channels, 1935–2017. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 100(4), 901–932. https://doi.org/10.1177/10776990231196895link
Other2018Meier, T., Boyd, R. L., Pennebaker, J. W., Mehl, M. R., Martin, M., Wolf, M., & Horn, A. B. (2018). “LIWC auf Deutsch”: The Development, Psychometrics, and Introduction of DE-LIWC2015 (pp. 1–42). Retrieved from University of Zurich website: https://dx.doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TFQZC
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